He believed that a political revolution was essential because the state was a central instrument of capitalist society, and since the bourgeoisie had a stranglehold on the government, it would be necessary to use force and violence to overthrow the capitalists.Īlthough Marx and Engels believed that property should belong to society, they did not really give much thought to how economic decisions would be made. Karl Marx called the ruling class the bourgeoisie. Marx and Engels believed there was a class struggle between the masses, which Marx called the proletariat, who could only offer their labor, and the owners of the means of production, which included land, raw materials, tools and machines, and especially money. Karl Marx agreed with Louis Blanc in how labor and income should be managed: 'From each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.' However, it seems clear from history that Adam Smith had the correct principle, which is that people work in their own self-interest. The end goal of communism was to eliminate class distinctions among people, where everyone shared equally in the proceeds of society, when government would no longer be needed.

The capitalist system at that time required workers to work under harsh and dangerous conditions for little pay. Like the socialists before them, they wanted to end the exploitation of the masses by the few. The most important originators of communist doctrine were Karl Marx and Frederick Engels. Communism, also known as a command system, is an economic system where the government owns most of the factors of production and decides the allocation of resources and what products and services will be provided.

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